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PhyloTree.org -
mtDNA subtree R |
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Citation: van Oven M, Kayser M. 2009. Updated
comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation.
Hum Mutat 30(2):E386-E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921 |
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Nucleotide positions are relative to the rCRS
(GenBank accession NC_012920). Mutations are transitions unless an exact base
change is specified. |
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Coding region mutations (np 577-16023) are
shown in black; control region mutations (np 16024-576) in blue. Established
haplogroup labels are shown in black; newly proposed labels in red. |
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Mutations toward a base identical-by-state to
the rCRS are indicated with an exclamation mark (!). |
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Mutations between brackets () are recurrent
within the clade, or are uncertain based on current data. |
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Mutation motifs in italic are preliminary and are likely to be further refined as
additional sequences become available. |
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The highly recurrent mutations 309.1C(C),
315.1C, 523-524d (aka 522-523d), 16182C, 16183C, 16193.1C(C) and 16519 were
not considered for phylogenetic reconstruction and are therefore excluded
from the tree. |
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Accession numbers provided at the tips of
branches are representative examples of mtDNA sequences available at GenBank. |
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The references are independent from the
accession numbers and refer to publications that have described the
corresponding branch and/or have proposed haplogroup nomenclature. |
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A list of the
references cited is available here. |
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It may be convenient to use the Find function
(Ctrl+F) of your browser to search for a particular mutation or haplogroup. |
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Accession numbers |
References |
| R |
12705
16223 |
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R0 |
73 11719 |
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Torroni 2006, Behar 2008a, Kivisild 2006,
Palanichamy 2004, Achilli 2004, Shen 2004, Brandstätter 2008,
Álvarez-Iglesias 2009 |
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R1 |
295A 1391
3360 4917 5586
5823 6557 6671
7547 8388 8887
10658 10825 13948
14632 15721 16311 |
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EF177423 |
Malyarchuk 2008a |
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R1a |
4026
5378 7424 |
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AY714045 |
Malyarchuk 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
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R1a1 |
13105
13368 |
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Malyarchuk 2008a |
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R1a1a |
6261 |
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EF222243, EF222244 |
Malyarchuk 2008a |
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R2'JT |
4216 |
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Palanichamy 2004 |
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R2 |
152 7657
8473 9932 10685
12654 13500 14305
16071 |
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AY714007 |
Palanichamy 2004, Metspalu 2006 |
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JT |
11251
15452A 16126 |
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Palanichamy 2004, Derenko 2007, Logan 2009 |
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J |
295 489 10398 12612
13708 16069 |
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Palanichamy 2004, Derenko 2007, Logan 2009,
Carelli 2006 |
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J1 |
462 3010 |
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Palanichamy 2004, Carelli 2006, Derenko 2007,
Logan 2009 |
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J1b |
8269 16145 16222 16261 |
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DQ282491 |
Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008, Behar 2008a
("J1b'e"), Malyarchuk 2008c ("J1a'b") |
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J1b1 |
5460
13879 |
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Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008, Malyarchuk 2008c
("J1b"), Behar 2008a, Carelli 2006 ("J1b"), Palanichamy
2004 ("J1b"), Derenko 2007 ("J1b") |
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J1b1a |
242 2158
8557 12007 16172 |
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EU915478, AY495238 |
Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008
("J1b1a1"), Palanichamy 2004 ("J1b1"), Malyarchuk 2008c,
Derenko 2007 ("J1b1") |
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J1b1a1 |
15067 |
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AY495232, AY339581 |
Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008
("J1b1a1b") |
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J1b1a2 |
5463
6911 16192 |
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FJ213450 |
Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008
("J1b1a1a") |
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J1b1b |
271 |
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AY714033 |
Logan 2009, Derenko 2007 ("J1b2"),
Malyarchuk 2008c |
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J1b1b1 |
10410A
16222! |
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EF556155, EF397558 |
Logan 2009, Derenko 2007 ("J1b2a") |
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J1b2 |
1733 |
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EF556169, DQ282488 |
Logan 2009, Abu-Amero 2008, Behar 2008a |
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J1b3 |
8460 16235 16271 |
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EF583175, EF583177 |
Logan 2009, Malyarchuk 2008c ("J1a") |
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J1c |
(185) (228) 14798 |
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AY495205, EF660915 |
Palanichamy 2004, Carelli 2006, Malyarchuk
2008c, Logan 2009 |
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J1c1 |
482 3394 |
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AY495208, AY195754 |
Palanichamy 2004, Logan 2009 ("J1c2") |
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J1c1a |
185! 9635C
11623 13899 |
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AY495210, FJ447985 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c2a") |
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J1c1b |
7184 |
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AY495202, DQ112800 |
Palanichamy 2004, Logan 2009
("J1c2b") |
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J1c1b1 |
5773 |
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EF177420, EF452293 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c2b1") |
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J1c1b1a |
10463 |
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AY714034, FJ502349 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c2b1a") |
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J1c2 |
188 |
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AY495223, FJ499472 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c1") |
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J1c2b |
4454 |
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AY495222, AY339588 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c1b") |
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J1c2c |
10685
13281 13933 |
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FJ348202, FJ449571 |
Logan 2009 ("J1c1c") |
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J1c3 |
13934 |
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AY495214, FJ603099 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c3a |
9548 |
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AY495213 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c3a1 |
7711 |
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EF657560, AY495211 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c3b |
15367 |
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EF657671 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c3b1 |
5237
6261 |
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FJ445407 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c3c |
2706! |
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EF657260, EF657374 |
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J1c4 |
9632
12083G |
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AY665667, DQ341085 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c5 |
5198 |
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EF657710, AY495199 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c5a |
2387
10192 |
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DQ112793, EF657290 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c6 |
4025 |
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AY495196, EU073970 |
Logan 2009 |
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16261 |
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FJ348153 |
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J1c7 |
6554
12127 (16092) |
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EU151466 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c7a |
6464A
13681 |
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FJ348162, EF657300 |
Logan 2009 |
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J1c8 |
10084
10398! 16319 |
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AY339586, EF657649 |
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J1d |
152 7789
7963 (16193) |
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DQ341088, EU597552 |
Carelli 2006, Logan 2009 |
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J1d1 |
16300 |
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AF382001, EF184636 |
Logan 2009 |
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J2 |
(150) (152) 7476 15257 |
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Logan 2009, Palanichamy 2004, Carelli 2006,
Behar 2008a |
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J2a |
195 10499
11377 |
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Logan 2009 |
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J2a1 |
(215)
(319) (513) 7789 14133
16145
16231 |
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DQ341089 |
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J2a1a |
13722
16261 |
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EU931680, FJ605154 |
Logan 2009 ("J2a1") |
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J2a1a1 |
310.1T 1850 |
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EF657370 |
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J2a1a1a |
(189) 10237
(16172) |
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AY339579, AY339580 |
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J2a1a1b |
3447 |
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FJ348157, EU721734 |
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J2a2 |
152! 6671
11002 12570 15679 |
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FJ460543, FJ460559 |
Logan 2009 |
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J2a2a |
235 8386 |
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EF660967, EF657532 |
Logan 2009 ("J2a2a1") |
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J2b |
5633
15812 16193 |
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FJ213765 |
Palanichamy 2004, Carelli 2006, Behar 2008a |
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J2b1 |
10172 |
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EU862198, EU807741 |
Palanichamy 2004 ("J2b"), Carelli
2006 ("J2b"), Logan 2009 ("J2b") |
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J2b1a |
16278 |
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EU597520, EU673448 |
Logan 2009 ("J2b1") |
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J2b1a1 |
14569 |
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FJ380056, EF657691 |
Logan 2009 ("J2b1a") |
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J2b1a2 |
6216 |
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AY339577, GQ249257 |
Logan 2009 ("J2b1b") |
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J2b1a3 |
10966 |
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AY195778 |
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J2b1b |
2404
6962T 10389 |
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EU862198 |
Logan 2009 ("J2b2") |
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T |
709 1888
4917 8697 10463
13368 14905 15607
15928 16294 |
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|
|
Palanichamy 2004, Kivisild 2006 |
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| |
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T1 |
12633A
16163
16189 |
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EU369395 |
Palanichamy 2004, Kivisild 2006 |
| |
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T1a |
16186 |
|
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EU935435, EF177409 |
|
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152 |
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EU935439, EU979542 |
|
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195 |
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|
T1a1 |
9899 |
|
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|
AY495294, EU597578 |
Palanichamy 2004 ("T1a"), Kivisild
2006 |
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T1a1b |
10143 |
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AY339575 |
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T1a1b1 |
14281 |
|
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|
|
AY714036, AY339576 |
Palanichamy 2004 |
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T1a2 |
384 4959
5558 9300 16261 |
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FJ348220, EF177441 |
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T1a3 |
7258
10321 |
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AY495296, EF645646 |
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T1b |
16243 |
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AY339570, FJ878777 |
Palanichamy 2004 |
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T2 |
11812
14233 (16296) |
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EF177442 |
Palanichamy 2004, Kivisild 2006 |
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T2a |
13965 |
|
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FJ238094 |
Palanichamy 2004 |
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T2a1 |
14687 |
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EF657558 |
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T2a1a |
2850 7022 |
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AY495300, AY714022 |
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T2a1a1 |
(143) 8715 |
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FJ348180, EF657455 |
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T2a1b |
2141
9117 13966 |
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EF657600, EF657401 |
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T2b |
930 5147
16304 |
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FJ348208, EU744542 |
Palanichamy 2004, Richards 2000
("T2") |
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T2b1 |
14016 |
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EF177444, AY495267 |
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T2b2 |
11242G |
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AY495305, AY714016 |
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T2b3 |
10750 |
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AY495275 |
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T2b3a |
151 152 5656 16292 |
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DQ523649, EF660963 |
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T2b4 |
152 9254
16296! |
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EU007872, EU492455 |
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T2b5 |
3826 |
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AY495287, EF657772 |
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T2b6 |
458 1709
9300 11533 |
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AY495284, AY495282 |
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T2c |
10822
16292 |
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AY339566 |
Behar 2008a, Richards 2000 ("T3") |
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T2c1 |
152 6261 |
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DQ112814 |
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T2c1a |
8455
13973T |
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|
EF556160, EF660941 |
Behar 2008a ("T2c1") |
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T2c1b |
(146) (279) 5187 7873 |
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DQ523629, EF657599 |
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T2d |
152 5747
13260 13708 |
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AY714037, DQ437577 |
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T2e |
150 16153 |
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EF177410, EU597536 |
Richards 2000 ("T5") |
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16296! |
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EU700086, AF381985 |
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T2e1 |
41 |
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EF556188, EU258890 |
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T2e2 |
9139 |
|
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EF060363, AY714029 |
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T2f |
8281-8289d |
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DQ112763, EF657281 |
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T2f1 |
(195) 5277
5426 15028A 15043
(16298) |
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AY339569, EF657604 |
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| |
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T2g |
200 1977
3834 14798 14839 |
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|
EU007862, EF556186 |
Behar 2008a |
| |
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| |
R5 |
8594
10754 14544 16304 16524 |
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AY713998 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004, Metspalu 2006,
Thangaraj 2008 |
| |
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| |
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R5a |
16266 |
|
|
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|
|
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004, Behar 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
|
R5a1 |
93 200 2833 |
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FJ004837 |
Chaubey 2008a, Behar 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R5a1a |
8987
9708 10084 |
|
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|
|
FJ004822, AY713983 |
Chaubey 2008a, Behar 2008a |
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| |
|
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R5a2 |
152 11293
13635 14040 15385
16356 |
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AY713993 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
| |
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| |
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R5a2a |
16266!
16311 |
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|
AY713985, AY713996 |
Chaubey 2008a |
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R5a2b |
597.1T
14990 16309 16325 |
|
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|
FJ004815, FJ004814 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
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R5a2b1 |
6629 |
|
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|
AY713991, AY714000 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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R5a2b2 |
16266! |
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|
AY714002, FJ004829 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R5a2b3 |
11409 |
|
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|
FJ004833, FJ004812 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R5a2b4 |
13827 |
|
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|
FJ004834, FJ004828 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
R6 |
195 12285
16274
16362 |
|
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|
AY713994 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004, Metspalu 2006,
Thangaraj 2008 |
| |
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| |
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R6a |
16129
16266 |
|
|
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|
AY714028 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
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R6a1 |
228 8584
11075 14058 |
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|
AY714019 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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|
|
R6a1a |
195! 373 961 6305
7316 8650 16274! 16318
16320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ004819, FJ004816 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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|
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|
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|
|
| |
R7 |
1442
6248 7870 9051
9110 10289 13105
13830 16260 16261
16319 16362 |
|
|
|
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|
|
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004, Thangaraj 2008 |
| |
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| |
|
R7a |
10143
10915 13404 15346 |
|
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AY714030 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
|
R7a1 |
12406
13674 |
|
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|
FJ004835, FJ004805 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R7a1a |
5585
15497
16146 |
|
|
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|
|
FJ004823, EU597487 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R7a1b |
3105 |
|
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|
|
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R7a1b1 |
4596 16075 |
|
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|
|
FJ004831, FJ004813 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
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R7a1b2 |
16390 |
|
|
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|
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|
|
FJ004804, FJ004810 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
R7b |
146 1804
2282 8557 12432
14064 15942 16311 |
|
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|
|
FJ004817 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
|
R7b1 |
152 6254
15326! |
|
|
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|
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|
|
AY714024 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
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| |
|
|
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R7b1a |
9325
11776 |
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
FJ004811, FJ004821 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
|
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| |
R8 |
195 2755
3384 7759 9449
13215 |
|
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|
|
AY714009 |
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
| |
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|
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| |
|
R8a |
5510
15326! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2005 |
| |
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| |
|
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R8a1 |
709 5911
13782 |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
R8a1a |
9716 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467953 |
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a
("R8a1") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R8a1a1 |
8646 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467965, FJ467947 |
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a
("R8a1a") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
R8a1a1a |
6131 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467978, FJ467943 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
R8a1a1b |
16153 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467949, FJ467951 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
R8a1a1c |
11914 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467942, FJ467955 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R8a1a2 |
4205 16324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467952 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
R8a1a2a |
7364
8598 11172 11497
12127 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467971, FJ467974 |
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a
("R8a1b2") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R8a1a3 |
16292 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY714011, FJ467984 |
Thangaraj 2009, Chaubey 2008a
("R8a1b1") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
16093 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467972 |
Thangaraj 2009 ("R8a1b") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R8a1b |
13212
14041 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467968, FJ467970 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R8a2 |
185 189 195! 11864 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467985, FJ004836 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R8b |
456 6485
12007 13194 16390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R8b1 |
154 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467941, FJ467948 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
R8b1a |
2392 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467940, AY714009 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R8b2 |
150 456.1T 4136 14502
15250 16172 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ467989, FJ467987 |
Thangaraj 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
16304 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hill 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R9 |
3970
13928C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R9b |
1541 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
R9b1 |
12714
16309
16390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 ("R9b"), Metspalu 2006
("R9b"), Hill 2007 ("R9b") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R9b1a |
183 (16192) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255152, DQ981469 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
R9b1a1 |
143 4017
7849 16288 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ981473, DQ981472 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
R9b1a1a |
16234 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ981466, DQ981465 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R9b1b |
2322A
16124
16148 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ981470, EF114273 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
R9b2 |
3666
6647 8724 11299
11422 13191 13722
15314 15883 16362 |
|
|
|
|
|
DQ981474, DQ981475 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R9c |
951 6446
7861 8440 11002
11308 14227 15479
15734 16256 16335 |
|
|
|
|
|
GQ119010, GQ119007 |
Tabbada 2009, Hill 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
F |
249d 6392
10310 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Kivisild 2006, Metspalu 2006, Tanaka
2004 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
F1 |
6962
10609 12406 12882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2003, 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F1a'c |
9053
13759 16129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F1a |
4086 16172 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a1 |
9548 16162 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008667, AP008906 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a1a |
8149 16108 |
|
|
|
|
|
AY255175 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a1a1 |
11215 |
|
|
|
|
|
AY963572, AY195791 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a1b |
64 14002 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008347, AP008279 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a1c |
548 10211 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008475, AP008774 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16129! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a2 |
10034
16465 |
|
|
|
|
|
AY255164, DQ272124 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1a3 |
8705
9554 9944 13748
15565 16284 16311
16390 |
|
|
AP008679, AP008701 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F1c |
709 10454 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255177, AP010738 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
16189 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F1b |
152 10976
12633 14476 16232A 16249
16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1 |
4732 5147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008446, DQ272125 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a |
16129
16344 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008577, AP008498 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a1 |
15954 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008591 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a1a |
5049 |
|
|
|
|
AP008421, AP010728 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a1a1 |
4705 |
|
|
|
AP010731, AP008713 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a1a1a |
14103A |
|
|
AP009474, AP008820 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1b1a1a2 |
9389 |
|
|
|
AP010754, AP008490 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F1d |
146 1734
5628 7738 15402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008328, AP008808 |
Kong 2006, Fornarino 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F1e |
5587
15024 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597547 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
F1e1 |
3027
10007 12618 13260
13749 15022 15496
16355 |
|
|
|
AP008508, AP010837 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
F2 |
1005
1824 7828 10535
10586 12338 13708 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP010683 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F2a |
16203 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008692, AY255168 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
F3 |
3434
5585 5913 5978
10320 11065 16298 16304!
16362 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F3a |
12621
16355 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255167 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F3b |
9947 16220C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY972053 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F3b1 |
150 5076
6791 8838 11065!
15784 16311 |
|
|
|
|
GQ119009, GQ119015 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
F4 |
5263
12630 15670 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Kivisild 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F4a |
146 3290
10915 12153 13602
16207
16362 16399 |
|
|
|
|
|
AF346973 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
F4a1 |
152 207 7861 11038
12396 12408 16497 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008744, EU597565 |
Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
F4b |
573.1CCC 6653
8020 8575 8603
10097C 16218 16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
AY289095, AY289096 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R22 |
16249
16288 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hill 2006, 2007, Trivedi 2006 ("R12") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
16189 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2003, 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R11'B7 |
12950 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soares 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R11 |
185 189 709 8277
8278.1CC 10031 10398
11061 13681 16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255163 |
Kong 2006, Kivisild 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
R11a |
10978 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ112788 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
R11a1 |
4706
9071 12358 (16365) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP010998, AY255147 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
B7 |
5894C
8281-8289d 9452 11914
13928C 14305 16093 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255136, GQ119045 |
Reddy 2007, Tabbada 2009, Kong 2006
("B6") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
B4'5 |
8281-8289d |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Achilli 2008, Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006,
Kivisild 2006, Tanaka 2004 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
B4 |
16217 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Trejaut 2005, Metspalu 2006, Achilli
2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
16261 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597559 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4a |
5465
9123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008384, AP008567 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1 |
10238 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006
("B4a"), Kivisild 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a |
146 6719
12239 15746 |
|
|
|
|
|
DQ372871, AJ842749 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a1 |
14022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289076, DQ372873 |
Trejaut 2005 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a1a |
16247 |
|
|
|
|
|
EU597555, DQ372881 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 ("B4a1a1") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a1a1 |
6905 |
|
|
|
|
AY289093, EU597531 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 ("B4a1a1a") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a1a2 |
1473
3423A |
|
|
|
FJ767912, FJ767911 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a1b |
15924 |
|
|
|
|
|
DQ372874, DQ372877 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1a2 |
4733
6366 12519 |
|
|
|
|
|
AJ842748, AJ842745 |
Kong 2006, Trejaut 2005 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597506 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1b |
9932
10915 13143 16288 |
|
|
|
|
AP008595 |
Metspalu 2006 ("B4a1") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1b1 |
16268 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008842 |
Trejaut 2005 ("B4a1b"), Kong 2006
("B4a1b") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1b1a |
9977 |
|
|
|
|
AF346993, AP008597 |
Kong 2006, Trejaut 2005 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c |
709 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c1 |
9254 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008912, AP008650 |
Kong 2006, Trejaut 2005, Metspalu 2006
("B4a2") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
146 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c2 |
7052
7271 9822A 15661
16167
16317 |
|
|
AY519495, AY519492 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c4 |
12904 |
|
|
|
|
|
EU597505, DQ272120 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c3 |
16194C
16195 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008521 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a1c3a |
310 3960
4203 5263 7927
15479 16000 16266G |
|
AP010705, AP008412 |
Kong 2006 ("B4a1c3") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4a2 |
6620
9812 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008257 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4a2a |
4823 16324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AJ842750, AJ842751 |
Trejaut 2005, Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4g |
5108
7789 9968 14905
16292 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255133 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
B4b'd'e |
827 15535 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Achilli 2008, Perego
2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4b |
499 4820
13590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Kivisild 2006,
Achilli 2008, Perego 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B2 |
3547
4977 6473 9950
11177 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597580, EU334872 |
Achilli 2008, Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006,
Kivisild 2006, Perego 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2a |
16111
16483 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2a1 |
10895 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU431083, DQ282445 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2a1a |
14766! |
|
|
|
|
|
DQ282444, EF657537 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2a2 |
9097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ282441, EF657306 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2b |
6755 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU095532, EU095221 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2c |
7241 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ282436, EF657349 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2c1 |
9098 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ282440, DQ282434 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2d |
4122
4123 8875 9682 |
|
|
|
|
|
EU095550, AY195749 |
Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B2e |
6119
14049 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597569, EU095209 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1 |
16136 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1a |
6023
6413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY519494 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1a1 |
199 202 2831 4117
8206 15236 16284 |
|
|
AP008601, AP010735 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1a1a |
7664 |
|
|
|
|
AP008594, AP009471 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1a2 |
6216 |
|
|
|
|
|
EU597553, AP008856 |
Kong 2006, Achilli 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1a2a |
1719
2220 5899.1C |
|
|
|
AY255170, AP010671 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1b'c |
16218 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1b |
152 1391
3981 5585 13934
14569
16298 16362 |
|
|
AP008550, AP008682 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4b1c |
14587 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ272119, AP009450 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4d |
11914
13942 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008492 |
Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4d1'2'3 |
15930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY519484 |
Metspalu 2006, Kong 2006 ("B4d") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4d1 |
316 15038 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255135, AP010835 |
Metspalu 2006, Nohira 2008 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4d2 |
6722
8379 8855 9701
15512 |
|
|
|
|
|
AY255140 |
Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4d3 |
151 546 5084 5418
9120 12135 16150 16185
16234 |
|
|
|
AP008712, AP010836 |
Metspalu 2006, Tanaka 2004 ("B4d"),
Nohira 2008 ("B4d2") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
146 185 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4e |
189
195 196 348G 1719
4048 4926 5460
6026 6614 9288
9921 10750 12358
14133 16291 |
|
AP008436 |
Tanaka 2004, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
B4c |
1119
15346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4c1 |
3497 16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1a'b |
709 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1a |
10310
14133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP010696, AP008603 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16086 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008482, AP008540 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1a1 |
8844 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008298 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1a1a |
5592 16129 |
|
|
|
AP008604, AP008516 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1a2 |
6164 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008688, AP008470 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1b |
150 16140
16274 16311! |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008472, AP008570 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1b1 |
211 455.1T 3221 4742
5826 7909 13879
14162 16111 16154 16497 |
AP008899 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1b1a |
8167A
15148 15391 |
|
|
|
AP008393, AP008831 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1b2 |
146 3571
8772 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP010718, AY255149 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1c |
150 195 5441 10398
13629 15941 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP009436, AP009461 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B4c1c1 |
214 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008450, AP008563 |
Kong 2006 ("B4c1c"), Metspalu 2006
("B4c1c") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4c2 |
5108
14088 14209 16147 16184A
16235 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289101 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Wen 2005
("B4e") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B4c2a |
9103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AF347011, AY289100 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
B4f |
200 1442
4612 5127 6332
7389 11969 13105
16168
16172 16249 16325
16390 |
|
|
|
AP008788 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B4f1 |
257 8291
16523 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008262, AP008879 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
B5 |
709 8584
9950 10398 16140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
B5a |
210 3537
15235 16266A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B5a1 |
6960 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ834254 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5a1a |
13145
13395 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597566 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5a1a1 |
11881 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY950286, AY950287 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5a1b |
10754
14989 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255145, GQ119031 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B5a2 |
93 9962
11149 11151 14149
(16266G) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ372869 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5a2a |
12234
16187 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EF114286, AP008263 |
Kong 2006 ("B5a2") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
B5b |
103
204
1598 8829 12361
15223 15508 15662
15851 15927 16243 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006, Kivisild 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B5b1 |
(960.1C)
8784 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP010771, AP008284 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5b1a'b |
11146
14470 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006 ("B5b1"), Metspalu 2006
("B5b1") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5b1a |
103!
195 16278 16324 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008827, AP008631 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5b1b |
199 11914
12192 16223 16318T 16319 |
|
|
|
|
AP008518, AP010686 |
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 ("B5b1a") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5b1c |
152 1555
3395 3480 3819
5836 7771 8467
10274 15514 15712
15966d 16113C 16149C |
GQ119020 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B5b2 |
4895
15850 16111 16234
16463 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kong 2006, Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5b2a'b |
103!
131 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY519489 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5b2a |
5744
11437 16291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY255179, AP008737 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5b2b |
207 15758 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008846, AP008371 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B5b2b1 |
8894T
14750 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008910, AP008491 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
B5b2c |
204! 481 2361 4161
9299 11101 12451 |
|
|
|
|
|
AP008584, AP008465 |
Kong 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
B5b3 |
189
203
2626 6962 8856
10103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AP008566, AP010761 |
Metspalu 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R24 |
146 3565
4260 8772 9759
11710 12483 13434
14902 16051 16185 16324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
GQ119037, GQ119033 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
R12'21 |
10398
11404 16295 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R12 |
4011
4200 4695 4703
5417 8027 8906
9386 9644 9881
12172 13708 13759
14305 14989 15562
15884 |
|
|
|
DQ112752 |
Kivisild 2006, Pierson 2006, Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R21 |
146
152 195 199
249 1709
1719 1872 2397
4711 8279 9067
9077 9109 10610T
11002 12234 12361
12510 13145 15613
16168
16304 |
AY963584 |
Macaulay 2005, Pierson 2006, Hill 2006, 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
R14 |
56T 182 204
234 573.1CCC 4002 7022G
8860! 9128 10172
11321 11560 12612
13281 14002 14800
15394 15458 16187 16288
16304G 16362 |
EF495216 |
Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
R23 |
16256
16290 16465 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hill 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
R30 |
(152) 8584 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY714006 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004, Fornarino 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R30a |
2056
3316 4232 5442
6764 9156 9242
11047A 12714 15055 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY714001, FJ004824 |
Chaubey 2008a, Fornarino 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R30b |
373 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EF556148 |
|
| |
|
|
299d 480 1598
4062 4225 5836 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R30b1 |
7268G
7490 8805 9174
10631A 11009 12406
13236 14194 14305
15307 16189 16298
16299 |
|
|
|
FJ004827, AY714047 |
Chaubey 2008a ("R30b"), Fornarino
2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
R31 |
15884
(16362) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R31a |
146 338 1531 5348
6293 6480 7981
10373 10631 13557
13768A 14553 15334
16172
16304 |
|
|
|
|
AY714021 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
R31a1 |
152 237 2248 8842
14290 16463 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FJ004825, FJ004826 |
Chaubey 2008a |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
R31b |
207 228 234 1309
1452 2763 3849
3882 5503 6827
7046 8400 8988
12007 12651 14488
15148 16051 16093 16189
16218 16292 |
AY714046, AY714048 |
Chaubey 2008a, Palanichamy 2004 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P |
15607 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Friedlaender 2005, 2007, Hudjashov 2007,
Palanichamy 2004, van Holst Pellekaan 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
16176 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P1 |
212 6077
10118
16266 16357 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AF347004, AF347002 |
Friedlaender 2005, 2007, Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P1d |
12346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289092 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
P1d1 |
16270 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EU597507, AY289087 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P2'10 |
3882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P2 |
1438!
3203 4122 8859
14890 16176! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ112897, AY289088 |
Hudjashov 2007, Friedlaender 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
710 1673
3738 4314 5915
6131 6446 6740
6773 8158T 8664
9077 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P10 |
11914
12642 13810 13958C
14783 15811 15839
15924 16145 16224
16233 16311 16456
16527 |
|
GQ119036 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P9 |
152 3391
5237 7805 8167
8614 11065 11353
11404 12414 12756
15110 15511 15521C 16241T
16261 16362 |
|
DQ404446 |
Hudjashov 2007, van Holst Pellekaan 2006
("P8") |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P3 |
127 128 573.1CCC 3645
14338 15748 15937T |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Friedlaender 2007, Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P3a |
125 5899d
6734 13651 16145 16278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289052, AY289065 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P3b |
236 12121
13934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289091 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P3b1 |
152 259 263!
574C 576C 14053 15937C
16327
16399 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
EF061153, EF061154 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P4 |
1719
5460 10398 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hudjashov 2007, Friedlaender 2007, van Holst
Pellekaan 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P4a |
152 507 517 3915
4216 7852 9587
9755 10463 11167
11641 12358 13135
14512 15314 16319 |
|
|
|
EF061158, EF061159 |
Hudjashov 2007, Friedlaender 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P4a1 |
4814
13468 14696 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EF495221, EF061156 |
Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
P4b |
10914
11016 11288 16274 16291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289064 |
Hudjashov 2007, Friedlaender 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
P4b1 |
591A
3010 5276 5460!
6881 10088 16337 16362 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
DQ404444, AY289057 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P5 |
152 1438!
7419 7657 9509
12406 12831 13368
15412 15970 16192 16311 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289063 |
Friedlaender 2005, Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P6 |
6719 16311 16362 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AY289053, AY289055 |
Friedlaender 2005, Hudjashov 2007 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P7 |
152 374 1598 2283
6249 7325 8387
10373 10810 12026
12235 12361 14502
15613 16148 16234 |
|
|
|
AY289054 |
Friedlaender 2005, Hudjashov 2007, Pierson 2006 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
P8 |
3172A
6392 11050 12864
13338 13452A 14788
16192
16278 16325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
GQ119026 |
Tabbada 2009 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
U |
11467
12308 12372 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Achilli 2005, Palanichamy 2004 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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