PhyloTree.org | tree

PhyloTree.org - mtDNA tree Build 17 (18 Feb 2016): subtree L4

Citation: van Oven M, Kayser M. 2009. Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Hum Mutat 30(2):E386-E394.

Nucleotide position numbers are consistent with both the rCRS and the RSRS reference sequences.

Mutations are given in forward evolutionary time direction in the format [ancestral base][position number][derived base], e.g. "G15043A".

In case of a transversion, the derived allele is shown in lowercase instead of uppercase, e.g. "C5178a".

Insertions are indicated by the position number preceding the insertion followed by a dot (.), the relative insert position, and the inserted base(s), e.g. "2156.1A".

Deletions are indicated by the letter "d" following the (range of) position number(s) involved, e.g. "A249d" or "8281-8289d".

Mutations that are reversions to an ancestral state (back mutations) are indicated with an exclamation mark (!), two exclamation marks for a double back mutation (!!), etc., e.g. "A15301G!".

Coding-region mutations (np 577-16023) are shown in black; control-region mutations (np 16024-576) in blue.

Mutations between brackets () are recurrent/unstable within the respective clade, or are yet uncertain based on current data.

Mutation motifs in italic are preliminary and are likely to be further refined as additional sequences become available.

The mutations 309.1C(C), 315.1C, AC indels at 515-522, A16182c, A16183c, 16193.1C(C) and C16519T/T16519C were not considered for phylogenetic reconstruction and are therefore excluded from the tree.

Accession numbers provided at the tips of branches are representative examples of mtDNA sequences available at GenBank or from individuals included in HapMap/1000Genomes.

It may be convenient to use the Find function (Ctrl+F) of your browser to search for a particular mutation or haplogroup.

Example accessions

mt-MRCA (RSRS)

L1'2'3'4'5'6

C146T C182T T4312C T10664C C10915T A11914G G13276A G16230A

L2'3'4'5'6

C152T A2758G C2885T G7146A T8468C

L2'3'4'6

C195T A247G A825t T8655C A10688G C10810T G13105A T13506C G15301A A16129G T16187C C16189T

L3'4'6

G4104A A7521G

L3'4

T182C! T3594C T7256C T13650C T16278C

A769G A1018G C16311T

G8701A C9540T G10398A C10873T A15301G!

T12705C T16223C

G73A A11719G

T14766C

G2706A T7028C

G1438A

H2a

G4769A

H2a2

G750A

H2a2a

G8860A G15326A

H2a2a1

G263A

rCRS

T195C! G5460A T16362C

L4a

C198T G3357A G10373A T11253C A11344G T11485C T12414C T13174C T14302C C16260T

L4a1

C325T T6167C C7376T G7775A A11653G T14000a A16207t

FJ460531

L4a1a

(C150T) G7762A T8473C A8631G

DQ341064

EU092748

L4a2

A12361G C16264T

EU092935

EU092799

L4b

G709A G3918A

L4b1

C150T C195T!! T204C T4977C C10813T

NA19383

L4b1a

T199C G513A A1804G G3010A A3505G C4017T C4029a T4216C T4232C T7624C T8614C C8974g C9248T G9986A A12661t A13497G G14016A G14905A C16179T T16189C! C16239T C16320T

JQ044811

EU092808